One of the disadvantages of RIP (routing Information Protocol) consists in sending RIP updates out of unwanted interfaces. For example, let's say we have router with three interfaces belonging to the subnets 10.1.1.0/24, 10.1.2.0/24, and 10.1.3.0/24, respectively. Additionally, we want enable RIP on only the first two interfaces. Then our configuration should looks like:
R1(config-router)#router rip
R1(config-router)#version 2
R1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0
Therefore, this configration enables RIP on all interfaces belonging to the network 10.0.0.0/8, which includes the unwanted third interface. To circumvent this problem, you can use the passive-interface command under the RIP configuration mode.
The passive-interface command prevents a RIP-enabled router from sending broadcast and multicast RIP updates out of a specific interface, a set of interfaces, or all router's interfaces. The passive-interface command has the following syntax:
passive-interface [default] interface type/number
When this command is used with the default keyword, the router will disable all kinds of RIP updates except unicast RIP updates out of all the interfaces. Unicast RIP updates are configured using the neighbor command in router configuration mode. If the default keyword is not used, then the router will send broadcast or multicast RIP updates (depending on the configured RIP versions) out the interface(s) specified in the passive-interface statement.
The following example configures a Cisco router called R1 to disable RIPv2 updates out of its interfaces fastethernet 0/0 and fastethernet 0/1.
R1(config-router)#router rip
R1(config-router)#version 2
R1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0
R1(config-router)#network 140.1.0.0
R1(config-router)#passive-interface fastethernet 0/0
R1(config-router)#passive-interface fastethernet 0/1
R1(config-router)#end
R1#
To verify your configuration, we'll use the show ip protocols and the debug ip rip command in the privileged EXEC mode. The first command (show ip protocols) will show you the passive-interfaces, and the second command (debug ip rip ) will show you in real time that the router stopped sending RIP updates through the interfaces fastethernet 0/0 and fastethernet 0/1.
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